CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES OF HUMAN FILARIASIS

最近的临床和流行病学研究已经确定了 对丝虫感染具有天然免疫力的个人。 一些感染者可能会在很长一段时间内保持微丝虫病 时间，没有发展出明显的淋巴病变，但其他人发展 这种病理可以在持续性的环境中发展 微丝虫病或在微丝虫病清除后。潜在的 这些差异的机制正在从基因和 免疫学水平。 应用聚合酶链式反应扩增非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者皮肤标本中寄生虫DNA 盘尾丝虫病提高了诊断的敏感性和特异性， 检测已配置为现场的酶联免疫吸附试验格式 适用。努力在淋巴丝虫病和淋巴丝虫病中获得DNA检测 在寄生虫病方面也已开发并投入田间应用 格式。 与治疗盘尾丝虫病相关的不良反应 淋巴丝虫病已被证明是由促炎因子介导的。 细胞因子(IL-6和TNF-α)，生长因子IL-5和GM-CSF，以及 嗜酸性粒细胞趋化剂，RANTES。 阿苯达唑，一种主要杀灭大丝虫的驱虫药 效果，已被证明能够成功地治疗血吸虫病 对标准疗法难以奏效。

Recent clinical and epidemiological studies have defined the presence of individuals with natural immunity to infection with filarial parasites. Some infected individuals may remain microfilaremic over long periods of time, without developing overt lymphatic pathology, but others develop such pathology that can develop either in the setting of persistent microfilaremia or after microfilaremia has cleared. The underlying mechanisms for these differences are being assessed at the genetic and immunologic level. PCR-based amplifications of parasite DNA in skin snips from patients with onchocerciasis have increased diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and the assays have been configured into an ELISA format that is field applicable. Efforts to acheive detection DNA in lymphatic filariasis and in loiasis have also been developed and placed into field applicable formats. Adverse reactions associated with treatment of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis have been shown to be mediated by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-a), the growth factors IL-5 and GM-CSF, and the eosinophil chemoattractant, RANTES. Albendazole, an anthelmintic drug with primarily macrofilaricidal effects, has been shown capable of successfully treating loiasis refractory to standard therapy.