Proj 1: Cognitive Control: Brian Mapping (116-142)

该项目的目标是利用脑映射方法，包括功能磁共振成像和ERP，以及计算 建模，以检查涉及认知控制的神经机制，其中包括过程 需要对信息进行选择、处理、抑制和评估。 有两个主要目标。第一个主要目的是测试我们的认知控制神经模型的有效性 使用功能磁共振成像，ERP和计算建模作为阐明前额叶皮层组织的一种方式， for executive行政function功能.我们将检验这一假设，即控制是通过一系列的处理过程发生的， 前额叶皮层的不同区域，每个区域都参与选择不同类型的心理活动。 表示.我们将通过实证研究来做到这一点，在这些研究中，功能磁共振成像和ERP数据被平行收集， 通过计算模型，该模型被构造成代表前额叶大脑之间的相互依赖性， 在级联中发挥作用的区域。第二个主要目的是调查假设， 参与抑制或抑制内部心理表征的神经基质与 参与放大或维持内部心理表征的那些。这些研究将使用 功能磁共振成像研究参与选择，放大和抑制思想的神经基质 使用两种新颖的范例。 该项目解决了该中心正在研究的两个主要问题，即 前额叶皮层执行功能的组织和执行功能的认知基础。 本项目中要执行的工作旨在与有关 项目2、3和5中前额叶皮层的组织结构，以及关于认知功能的平行研究。 项目2、3、4和5中的执行职能组成部分。值得注意的是，与中心的所有其他项目一样， 在神经生物学、心理学和计算分析层面上检验这些问题。 这个项目的结果将扩大我们对认知控制过程如何被控制的理解。 由大脑执行。这些发现对精神疾病具有广泛的影响，包括： (i)注意力功能障碍，例如注意力缺陷多动障碍，（ii）反刍思维模式， 如强迫症，（iii）侵入不想要的想法和图像，如创伤后 压力障碍，和（四）障碍，其中归因的思想作为自我产生的， 相比之下，从别人身上散发出来的是模糊的，比如精神分裂症。

The goal of this project is to utilize brain mapping methods, both fMRI and ERPs, as well as computational modeling, to examine the neural mechanisms involved in cognitive control, which include processes requiring the selection, manipulation, inhibition, and evaluation of information. There are two main aims. The first main aim is to test the validity of our neural model of cognitive control using fMRI, ERPs, and computational modeling as a way to elucidate the organization of prefrontal cortex for executive function. We will test the hypothesis that control occurs via a cascade of processing involving distinct regions of prefrontal cortex, each of which is involved in selection of a distinct type of mental representation. We will do so via empirical studies in which fMRI and ERP data are collected in parallel and via computational model that is structured to represent the interdependences between prefrontal brain regions that play a role in the cascade. The second main aim is to to investigate the hypothesis that the neural substrates involved in the inhibition or suppression of internal mental representations are distinct from those involved in amplification or maintenance of internal mental representations. These studies will use fMRI to investigate the neural substrates involved in the selection, amplification, and suppression of thoughts using two novel paradigms. This project addresses both of the major questions that the center is examining, namely the nature of the organization of prefrontal cortex for executive function and the cognitive underpinnings of executive function. The work to be performed in in this project is designed to interface with parallel investigations regarding the organizaiton of prefrontal cortex in Projects 2 3, and 5, and parallel investigations about the cognitive components of executive function in Projects 2,3, 4 and 5. Of note, as with all other projects in the center, it examines these quesitons at the neurobiological, psychological and computational levels of analysis. Results from this project will expand our understanding of how cognitive control processes can be implemented by the brain. Such findings have large-ranging implications for psychiatric disorders involving: (i) attentional dysfunction, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,(ii) ruminative thought patterns, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, (iii) the intrusion of unwanted thoughts and images, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, and (iv) disorders in which the attribution of thoughts as self-generated as compared to emanating from others is blurred, such as schizophrenia.