Characterization of Anopheline Odorant Receptors

项目摘要/摘要 化学感觉反应是控制几种基本行为的关键成分 昆虫是导致人类许多重要疾病的病原体的媒介。尤其是嗅觉 在食血雌虫的寄主寻找和产卵偏好/选择行为中起主要作用 蚊子，并因此构成蚊子传播疾病的能力的关键组成部分 如疟疾、登革热、黄热病、寨卡病毒和西尼罗河病毒脑炎。在此背景下，并与 我们的同事们，我们已经对几种元素进行了分子、细胞和组织学检查 非洲主要疟疾媒介按蚊的嗅觉信号转导级联反应 冈比亚亚纲，An.Coluzzii、An.Arabiens和An.福斯特斯。加深对嗅觉机制的理解 它们的潜在化学线索提供了对昆虫行为反应过程的洞察 特别是普通和疾病传播，很可能对小说的发展起到重要作用 蚊子控制策略。在这方面，我们在以下方面取得了重大进展 蚊子系统中嗅觉过程的各个方面，除其他外，导致识别和 位于嗅觉信号核心的气味受体蛋白家族的功能特征 路径。在这些进展的基础上，这项关于竞争更新的提案侧重于延长几个 我们正在进行的计划的要素包括：(1)生物相关的体内影响 恶性疟原虫感染对OR表达和基于OR的嗅觉感受的影响，(2)嗅觉 唇瓣ORs的生理和功能作用。Coluzzii和(3)通过一个 不同按蚊之间OR表达和功能的比较分析。

Project Summary/Abstract Chemosensory responses are critical components in the control of several essential behaviors of insects that are vectors for pathogens responsible for many important human diseases. In particular, olfaction plays a major role in host seeking and oviposition preference/selection behaviors of blood-feeding female mosquitoes and, as such, constitutes a critical component of the mosquito's ability to transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika and West Nile virus encephalitis. Within this context, and together with our colleagues, we have undertaken a molecular, cellular and organismal examination of several elements of the olfactory signal transduction cascade in the principal African malaria vector mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae, An. coluzzii, An. arabiensis and An. funestus. An increased understanding of olfactory mechanisms and their underlying chemical cues provides insight into the processes of insect behavioral responses in general and disease transmission in particular and would likely be instrumental in the development of novel mosquito control strategies. In this context we have made significant progress in the characterization of several aspects of olfactory process in mosquito systems leading to, among other things, the identification and functional characterization of a family of odorant receptor proteins that lie at the heart of the olfactory signaling pathway. Building on those advances, this proposal for competitive renewal focuses on extending several elements of our ongoing program including characterization of: (1) the in vivo impact of biologically relevant Plasmodium falciparum infections on OR expression and OR-based olfactory receptivity, (2) the olfactory physiology and functional role of labellum ORs in An. coluzzii and (3) an examination of anthropophily via a comparative analysis of OR expression and functionality across Anophelines.