Production of high quality biodiesel from waste feedstocks

利用废弃原料生产高品质生物柴油

• 批准号: 365100-2008
• 负责人: Tremblay, André
• 金额: $ 6.27万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=460901
• 关键词: Production; quality; biodiesel; waste; feedstocks

Waste oils obtained from frying and rendering activities are promising sources of lipids for the production of biodiesel. However, in order to upgrade these wastes to high quality fuels, significant technological challenges must be overcome. Issues of feedstock contamination and variability must be addressed in processing waste lipids to provide a consistent product that can be added to diesel fuel. There is also an urgent need for an inherently reliable processing technology that can achieve the new tighter North American biodiesel standards. Consultation with Canadian biodiesel producers has revealed that new standards on biodiesel purity are imposing greater constraints on the processing of waste feedstocks. A biodiesel membrane reactor recently developed at the University of Ottawa offers an inherently reliable processing technology to meet these challenges. The novel feature of this continuous membrane reactor is its ability to simultaneously transform lipid feedstock into biodiesel and separate the reaction products from the feedstock. Early tests point to the ability of the membrane reactor to retain soaps during the base esterification of oils containing high free fatty acids. The reactor has been tested with food-grade canola oil, but remains largely untested using waste oils such as yellow grease (used frying oils). We propose to determine the critical flux of the membranes used in the membrane reactor. Using various grades of yellow grease feedstock, we will produce biodiesel meeting the new standards. The project aims at developing technology to reduce mono and divalent salts in biodiesel produced from waste oils using diafiltration and various ion-exchange resins. The effect of membrane pore size on free fatty acids and soap retention in the membrane reactor, the coking properties and the distillation temperatures of the biodiesel produced will be determined.

从油炸和提炼活动中获得的废油是用于生产生物柴油的有前途的脂质来源。然而，为了将这些废物升级为高质量燃料，必须克服重大的技术挑战。在加工废弃脂质时必须解决原料污染和变异性问题，以提供可添加到柴油中的一致产品。还迫切需要一种内在可靠的加工技术，以达到新的更严格的北美生物柴油标准。与加拿大生物柴油生产商的磋商表明，关于生物柴油纯度的新标准对废物原料的加工施加了更大的限制。渥太华大学最近开发的生物柴油膜反应器提供了一种内在可靠的处理技术来应对这些挑战。这种连续膜反应器的新特征是其能够同时将脂质原料转化为生物柴油并将反应产物从原料中分离。早期的测试指出，膜反应器在含有高游离脂肪酸的油的碱酯化过程中保留皂的能力。该反应器已经用食品级菜籽油进行了测试，但在很大程度上还没有使用废油进行测试，如黄色油脂（使用过的煎炸油）。我们建议确定膜反应器中使用的膜的临界通量。利用不同等级的黄油脂原料，生产符合新标准的生物柴油。该项目旨在开发技术，利用渗滤和各种离子交换树脂减少从废油中生产的生物柴油中的一价和二价盐。将确定膜孔径对膜反应器中的游离脂肪酸和皂保留、所产生的生物柴油的焦化性质和蒸馏温度的影响。