Dissertation Research: Political Economy and Household Organization at Jachakala Bolivia

在Marc Bermann博士的指导下，Christine Beaule女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将在贾哈卡拉遗址以及位于玻利维亚安第斯高原拉霍亚地区的两个附近考古地点进行挖掘。这些遗址的时间跨度从公元800年到1200年，因此涵盖了一个与附近的蒂瓦纳基亚帝国同时代和之后的时期。通过一系列的测试坑和更广泛的横向挖掘，她将从家庭结构样本中恢复信息，这将使她能够确定家庭之间同步经济和地位变化的程度，以及这种变化是如何随时间变化的。她感兴趣的是目前的工艺专业化程度，以及这种程度与社区精英地位的关系。博勒女士还将从与这些遗址相关的一系列广泛的灌溉渠中收集可测定数据的陶瓷，以确定它们是何时建造的，以及大规模合作农业与社会和政治变化的关系，这是她研究的核心。虽然考古学家已经把重点放在安第斯山脉主要遗址的社会复杂性的发展上，但对于导致发生在农村腹地的小规模社会变化的过程，人们所知相对较少。因此，在作为帝国首都的蒂瓦纳库进行了广泛的挖掘。拉霍亚就在这个帝国的边界之外，博勒女士希望了解那里分层文化的兴起本质上是独立的，还是受到蒂瓦纳基影响的刺激。这个项目还有第二个理论部分。考古学家已经认识到，家庭群体在文化变迁中扮演着重要的角色，并推测了家庭经济生产的不同方面在这一过程中的相对重要性。他们特别考虑了家庭背景下的工艺专业化与精英阶层的出现之间的潜在关系。博勒女士收集的数据将使她能够解决这个问题。这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为社会复杂性的上升提供新的视角。它将为一个鲜为人知但可能很重要的地区提供基本的考古数据，并将有助于有前途的年轻科学家的专业发展。

Under the direction of Dr. Marc Bermann, MS Christine Beaule will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will conduct excavations at the site of Jachakala as well as two nearby archaeological occurrences located in the La Joya region of the Bolivian Andean highlands. The sites extend in time from ca. 800 to 1,200 AD and thus cover a period which predates, is contemporary with and postdates the nearby Tiwanakian empire. Through a series of both test pits and more extensive lateral excavations she will recover information from a sample of domestic structures which will allow her to determine the degree of synchronous economic and status variability among households and how this changed over time. She is interested in both the degree of craft specialization which is present and the extent to which this correlates with elite status within a community. MS Beaule will also collect datable ceramics from an extensive series of irrigation canals associated with these sites to determine when they were constructed and how large scale cooperative agriculture related to social and political changes which form the core of her study. While archaeologists have focused on the development of social complexity at major Andean sites, relatively little is known about the processes that led to smaller scale social changes which took place in more rural hinterland areas. Thus extensive excavations have been conducted at Tiwanaku which served as empire capital. La Joya lies just beyond the boundary of this empire and MS Beaule wishes to understand whether the rise of a stratified culture there was essentially independent or was stimulated by Tiwanakian influence. The project has a second theoretical component. Archaeologists have come to realize that family groups play an important role in cultural change and have speculated about the relative significance of different aspects of family economic production on this process. In particular they have considered the potential relationships between craft specialization within a family context and emergence of an elite class. The data collected by MS Beaule will allow her to address this question. This research is important for several reasons. It will shed new light on the rise of social complexity. It will provide basic archaeological data for a poorly known and potentially important region and it will contribute to the professional development of a promising young scientist.