RAISE-TAQS: Multifunctional Hybrid Quantum Systems for Spin-Based Quantum Control and Metrology

相干和纠缠的量子原理预示着计算、传感器技术和信息处理的变革能力。虽然量子增强性能的原理证明已经在简单系统中显示出前景，但它们向可扩展集成平台的扩展却受到退相干、耗散和其他有害环境影响的阻碍。人们已经做出了大量的努力来进一步将这些量子平台与这种环境相互作用隔离开来，但随着量子系统的日益复杂，这种方法变得越来越强大。“水库工程”的另一种范式表明，与直觉相反，人为施加的耗散形式可以导致量子行为的稳健形式。pi最近的理论和实验研究已经确定了水库工程开放量子系统的形式，这些系统具有新颖的动态量子态，具有鲁棒性，有限温度纠缠。该项目旨在以这些研究为基础，展示储层工程技术，用于在基于mems的光机械谐振器中连接超冷原子和碳化硅缺陷量子比特的多功能混合系统的状态制备、操作和量子控制。除了阐明控制水库工程开放量子系统的普遍原则外，这个多功能混合系统还将用于在可扩展的集成平台上演示量子增强计量。多功能混合量子系统利用了该团队的独特能力，包括(i)使用水库工程技术在开放量子系统中创建拓扑保护形式的纠缠的基本概念进步，（ii）超冷量子自旋与基于mems的光机械谐振器强耦合的专业知识，用于自旋介导控制和传感。(3)制造高质量单晶碳化硅光机械谐振器的专业知识；(4)碳化硅缺陷中心的确定放置和控制方面的专业知识。缺陷量子比特和光机械MEMS器件之间增强应变耦合的实现将实现混合系统的稳定、状态读出和耗散控制。作为该项目的一部分，该团队还将展示在超冷自旋量子比特、SiC缺陷量子比特和微环面光力学谐振器之间具有强光力学和应变耦合的高质量器件。这个多功能混合系统是一个新的实验室，用于演示和验证量子态制备，控制和计量的水库工程范例。此外，它还可以研究开放量子系统的普遍原理，包括具有新型破缺对称性的动态状态，驱动耗散相变和平衡系统中没有对应的临界行为。加强量子科学和技术社区的教育和推广工作是该计划的重要组成部分。学生研究人员将在该项目的多个方面接受跨学科培训，包括原子物理学、光力学、材料设计和合成以及MEMS制造。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Quantum principles of coherence and entanglement augur transformative capabilities for computation, sensor technologies and information processing. While proof-of-principle demonstrations of quantum-enhanced performance have shown promise in simple systems, their extension to scalable, integrated platforms have been stymied by decoherence, dissipation and other deleterious environmental influences. Intensive efforts have been made to further isolate these quantum platforms from such environmental interactions, but this approach grows increasingly formidable with growing complexity of the quantum system. An alternate paradigm of "reservoir engineering" has suggested that artificially imposed forms of dissipation can, counter-intuitively, lead to robust forms of quantum behavior. Recent theoretical and experimental studies by the PIs have identified forms of reservoir-engineered open quantum systems that exhibit novel dynamical quantum states with robust, finite temperature entanglement. This project seeks to build upon these studies to demonstrate reservoir engineering techniques for state preparation, manipulation and quantum control of a multifunctional hybrid system that interfaces ultracold atoms and silicon carbide defect qubits within a MEMS-based optomechanical resonator. In addition to elucidating universal principles governing reservoir-engineered open quantum systems, this multifunctional hybrid system will also be used to demonstrate quantum-enhanced metrology in a scalable, integrated platform. The multifunctional hybrid quantum system leverages unique capabilities of this team including (i) fundamental conceptual advances in the use of reservoir-engineering techniques to create topologically protected forms of entanglement in an open quantum system, (ii) expertise in strong coupling of ultracold quantum spins to MEMS-based optomechanical resonators for spin-mediated control and sensing, (iii) expertise in fabrication of high quality single crystal silicon carbide optomechanical resonators, (iv) expertise in the deterministic placement and control of silicon carbide defect centers. The achievement of augmented strain coupling between defect qubits and optomechanical MEMS devices will enable the stabilization, state readout and dissipation control of the hybrid system. As part of this program, this team will also demonstrate the high quality devices with strong optomechanical and strain coupling between ultracold spin qubits, SiC defect qubits and microtoroidal optomechanical resonators. This multifunctional hybrid system is a novel laboratory for the demonstration and validation of reservoir-engineering paradigms for quantum state preparation, control and metrology. In addition, it also enables the study of universal principles of open quantum systems including dynamical states with novel broken symmetries, driven dissipative phase transitions and critical behavior that have no counterpart in equilibrium systems. Education and outreach efforts to augment the quantum science and technology communities are important components of this program. Student researchers will be provided with interdisciplinary training in the multifaceted aspects of this project including atomic physics, optomechanics, materials design and synthesis, and MEMS fabrication.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.