Politeness in classroom-Comparison between JSL and EFL classrooms

本研究从师生互动的角度，特别是从布朗和莱文森的礼貌理论（1987）的角度，比较了JSL和EFL课堂上的话语。运用面子理论中的“面子”概念（积极面子和消极面子），探讨了两种课堂类型的异同。调查结果是：（1）除策略12外，所有的积极礼貌策略在两个课堂中都被使用;（2）相同类型的消极礼貌策略（策略3、8、9和10）在两个课堂中都被避免使用;（3）在两个课堂中，句子或语篇中都存在积极和消极礼貌策略的混合使用。并对上述结果的原因进行了讨论。礼貌理论具有普遍性，可以用来分析诸如课堂这样的机构语篇。

This study compares discourse of JSL and EFL classrooms in terms of teacher student interaction, particularly in the light of Brown and Levinson's politeness theory (1987). Using the notion of "face" (positive face and negative face) in the theory, similarities and differences in the two classroom types are discussed. The findings are; 1) all kinds of positive politeness strategies except one (strategy 12) were used in both classrooms, 2) the same types of negative politeness strategies (strategies 3, 8, 9, and 10) were avoided in both classrooms, and 3) the mixture of both positive and negative politeness strategies was recognized in a sentence or discourse in both JSL and EFL classrooms. The reasons of the above findings were discussed. With some idiosyncratic differences of JSL and EFL classrooms, it can be said that politeness theory is universal, and can be used to analyze an institutional discourse such as classrooms.