Immunocytochemical study on the mechanism of steroid hormone biosynthesis.

1.(1)利用特异性抗血清进行电镜免疫细胞化学分析，发现牛肾上腺皮质细胞光滑内质网膜上存在3 -羟基类固醇脱氢酶。这表明孕烯醇酮向孕酮的转化发生在肾上腺皮质细胞的光滑内质网上。(2)电镜免疫细胞化学显示ATP合酶存在于线粒体内膜上。光镜下免疫细胞化学显示，在排卵前大卵泡颗粒细胞和黄体部分细胞中存在芳香化酶（雌激素合成酶），而在卵膜和间质腺细胞中存在将雄烯二酮转化为睾酮的17 -羟基类固醇脱氢酶。细胞色素p-450参与某些化合物的解毒，可在3-甲基胆碱处理小鼠卵巢和睾丸的类固醇分泌细胞中免疫细胞化学定位。免疫细胞化学显示正常大鼠甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞基底外侧质膜上覆盖的钙调蛋白。在经tsh处理的大鼠滤泡上皮细胞中，除了基底-外侧质膜外，还在顶质膜上发现了钙蛋白。孕鼠黄体细胞中存在雌激素合成酶（Aromatage）。提示妊娠大鼠黄体细胞可能具有雌激素合成能力。

1.(1) Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry using specific antisera revealed that 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is present on the membranes of smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the bovine adrenocortical cells. This result indicate that the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone occurs on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the adrenocortical cells. (2) Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed that ATP synthase is present on the inner mitochondrial membranes.2. Light microscopic immunocytochemistry demonstrated that aromatase (estrogen synthesizing enzyme) is present in the granulosa cells of preovulatory large follicles and in the some cells of corpus luteum, and that 17 betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase which converts androstenedione to testosterone is present in the cells of theca interna and interstitial glands.3. Cytochrome p-450 which is involved in the detoxication of some chemical compounds could be localized immunocyotchemically in the steroid-secreting cells of the ovary and testis of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice.4. Calspectin which undercoats the plasma membrane is shown immunocytochemically at the baso-lateral plasma membrane of thyroid follicle epithelial cells of normal rats. In the follicle epithelial cells of TSH-treated rats, calspectin is demonstrated at the apical plasma membrane in addtion to the baso-lateral plasma membrane.5. Aromatage (estrogen synthesizing enzyme) is demonstrated in the corpus luteum cells of pregnant rats. This result indicate that the corpus luteum cells of the pregnant rats may have the capacity of estrogen synthesis.