Concentrations of Free Fatty Acids in Human Bile Juice Collected from Patients with Gallstones in Chile

十多年来，我们一直在智利进行胆囊癌的流行病学研究，据报道，智利的胆囊癌死亡率是世界上最高的。我们发现，与日本新泻和高知县的胆汁相比，智利胆汁在Ames试验中的回复菌落数方面具有较强的致突变活性。随着在智利的研究，我们发现，在用Ames试验检测蓝色人造丝吸附物的致突变性时，棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生四烯酸等游离脂肪酸(FFA)对胆汁的诱变活性有抑制作用。不饱和脂肪酸具有致突变抑制作用，我们将其命名为抑制性游离脂肪酸(IFFA)。基于这些发现，我们进行了关于游离脂肪酸a…浓度的研究。为了了解世界上胆囊癌高发区胆汁中IFFA的浓度是否较低，我们收集了2001~2002年间智利胆结石手术患者的胆汁样本。知情同意书是在手术前获得智利道德操守委员会批准的。我们分别从男性和女性患者身上采集了21份和129份人体胆汁样本。胆汁样本保存在摄氏零下20度，直到使用。在150份胆汁标本中，游离脂肪酸含量为6498.7±7686.1μ/L，游离脂肪酸含量为4117.4±5719.6μ/L，游离脂肪酸/游离脂肪酸比值为0.569±0.170。研究发现，FFA和IFFA的浓度显著高于日本样品，但IFFA/FFA的比例几乎与日本持平(日本数据未在此处显示)。棕榈油酸和亚油酸的比例分别为1.9±3.9%和1.8±5.6%，低于日本新泻的3.9±2.3和5.3±2.9。应该进行进一步的研究，以测试如何在智利观察到棕榈油酸和亚油酸等IFFA的低比例。较少

From more than 10 years, we have been conducting epidemiological studies on gallbladder cancer in Chile, where the mortality for gallbladder cancer was reportedly the highest in the world. We have found that the mutagenic activity of Chilean bile collected from the cholecyst ectomized patients with gallstones was strong in terms of the numbers of revertant colonies in the Ames assay, as compared with those of biles collected from the patients with gallstones in Niigata and Kochi in Japan. Along with the studies in Chile, we discovered that free fatty acids (FFA), such as palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid, inhibited the mutagenic activity of bile, when the mutagenicity of blue rayon adsorbate was tested by the Ames test. Inhibiting effects of mutagenicity were found among unsaturated free fatty acids and we designated them as inhibitory free fatty acids (IFFA). Based on these findings, we conducted the studies on the concentrations of FFA a … More nd IFFA in Chilean human bile collected from the patients with gallstones in order to know whether the concentrations of IFFA is lower in the prevalent area of gallbladder cancer in the world.During the period between 2001 and 2002, we collected the bile samples from the patients who were surgically operated on for gallstones in Chile. Informed consents, which form had been approved by the Ethics Committee in Chile were obtained prior to the operation. We collected 21 and 129 samples of human bile from the male and female patients, respectively. The bile samples were stored at -20 degrees in Centigrade until use. FFA analysis was made by using an HPLC method.Of 150 samples of human bile as a total, the concentrations of FFA were 6498.7±7686.1μ mol/l and those of IFFA were 4117.4±5719.6μ mol/l and the ratio of IFFA/FFA was 0.569±0.170. It was found that the concentrations of FFA and IFFA were significantly higher than those in Japanese samples, but the proportion of IFFA/FFA was almost equal to that of Japan (Japanese data not shown here). The proportions of palmitoleic and linoleic acids, however, were 1.9±3.9% and 1.8±5.6% respectively and they were found to be lower than 3.9±2.3 and 5.3±2.9 in Niigata, Japan. Further studies should be conducted to test how the low proportion of IFFA, such as palmitoleic and linoleic acids were observed in Chile. Less