PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS

不自主运动通常很难在临床上进行分类。 连续系列患者的临床和生理分析 带来了新的分类和病理生理学见解。 对肌阵挛患者进行了研究，以寻求进一步的了解 这种令人困惑的无意识运动。广泛的研究已经 对以前确定的类别中看到的大多数案件进行分类。我们 正在尝试定义描述歇斯底里肌阵挛的标准 毫不含糊。我们对一些有周期性运动的患者进行了研究 不宁腿患者清醒时的睡眠和运动障碍 综合症。我们已经看到，这些非自愿运动中的一些共享 外观与正常屈肌反射相似。 详细的临床和生理学研究已经在患者身上进行 腭部震颤(肌阵挛)。我们有进一步的数据证实了这一分歧 将这些患者分为两组：特发性和继发性。 我们研究了三名僵人综合征患者，试图 了解病理生理学。我们发现了一些异常情况 突触前抑制。其他异常情况并不一致。 其他研究包括对运动相关大脑皮层的研究。 抽动症患者的潜伏期及面部生理研究 橄榄桥小脑萎缩患者出现抽动。 曲扎酮的治疗试验正在进行中，适用于 对标准治疗无效的特发性震颤。初步 结果显示，一些患者将受益于这种药物。 我们研究了一个患有过敏症的家庭中的几名患者。我们的 结果显示，这些患者的运动是一种夸张的惊吓。 条件反射。

Involuntary movements have often been difficult to classify clinically. Clinical and physiological analysis of a continuing series of patients has led to new classifications and pathophysiological insights. Patients with myoclonus have been studied to seek further understanding of this confusing involuntary movement. Extensive studies have classified most cases seen within previously identified categories. We are trying to define criteria that would delineate hysterical myoclonus unambiguously. We have studied some patients with periodic movements in sleep and dyskinesias while awake in patients with the restless legs syndrome. We have seen that some of these involuntary movements share a similar appearance to normal flexor reflexes. Detailed clinical and physiologic studies have been done in patients with palatal tremor (myoclonus). We have further data confirming the division of these patients into two groups: idiopathic and secondary. We have studied three patients with stiff-man syndrome seeking to understand the pathophysiology. We have found abnormalities in presynaptic inhibition in all. Other abnormalities are not consistent. Other investigations include a study of movement related cortical potentials in patients with tic and a physiologic investigation of facial twitching seen in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy. A therapeutic trial with trazadone is in progress for patients with essential tremor that has not responded to standard therapy. Preliminary results show that some patients will benefit from this drug. We have studied several patients in a family with hyperekplexia. Our results showed that movement in these patients is an exaggerated startle reflex.