I-Corps: Accurate and energy-efficient sensory stream analysis via configurable trigger signature detection

I-Corps：通过可配置的触发签名检测进行准确且节能的感官流分析

• 批准号: 1262117
• 负责人: Mikko Lipasti
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1262117&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Corps; Accurate; energy; efficient; sensory

Cyber-physical systems rely on continuous sensing of real-world phenomena to guide data collection, storage, analysis, computation, communication, decision-making, and actuation. The sensors and the sensory processing system are often deployed in highly energy-constrained environments, where the power consumed to analyze the raw data stream dominates the energy profile of the entire platform. Typically, the data stream must be analyzed for temporal and spatial trigger signatures that either identify that an event of interest has occurred or, conversely, rule out the possibility of such an event. Trigger signatures can be detected flexibly in software by analyzing the sensory stream as it arrives, but this requires a significant energy budget. This project plans to develop a low-power reconfigurable hardware/software substrate that is tailored for 1) identifying temporal and spatial trigger signatures in the input data streams and 2) dynamically invoking software routines for further processing and on-the-fly reconfiguration. The hardware substrate may be suitable for processing multiple input modalities and time scales, will be easy to train and reconfigure for a broad range of trigger signatures, and will consume minimal energy, thereby making it suitable for continuous deployment in practical scenarios. The work described in this proposal may enable widespread deployment of continuous sensing applications at lower cost and in mobile or remote environments with strict energy constraints. There are many domains impacting society that may be applicable for such systems. Many new and emerging end-user applications in the mobile space also rely on environmental sensing to trigger context- and location- aware computation or communication. For example, mobile phone accelerometer data can be used to infer the type and level of activity of the user, as well as his or her specific location or context (e.g. climbing into the driver's seat of a car generates an identifiable accelerometer signature which can be used to disable text messaging while driving). The ability to flexibly deploy continuous sensing for these and other applications has the potential to change these markets and create entirely new and unforeseen application domains.

网络物理系统依赖于对现实世界现象的持续感知来指导数据收集、存储、分析、计算、通信、决策和驱动。传感器和感觉处理系统通常部署在高度能量受限的环境中，其中分析原始数据流所消耗的功率主导整个平台的能量分布。通常，必须针对时间和空间触发签名来分析数据流，所述时间和空间触发签名标识感兴趣的事件已经发生，或者相反地，排除这种事件的可能性。触发签名可以在软件中通过在传感流到达时分析传感流来灵活地检测，但这需要大量的能量预算。该项目计划开发一种低功耗可重构硬件/软件基板，该基板针对1）识别输入数据流中的时间和空间触发签名以及2）动态调用软件例程以进行进一步处理和实时重构。 硬件基板可以适合于处理多个输入模态和时间尺度，将容易针对广泛的触发签名进行训练和重新配置，并且将消耗最小的能量，从而使其适合于在实际场景中的连续部署。 本提案中描述的工作可以使连续感测应用以较低的成本和在具有严格能量约束的移动的或远程环境中的广泛部署成为可能。 有许多影响社会的领域可能适用于这种系统。移动的领域中的许多新的和新兴的最终用户应用程序也依赖于环境传感来触发上下文和位置感知计算或通信。 例如，移动的电话加速度计数据可用于推断用户的活动类型和水平，以及他或她的具体位置或情境（例如，爬进汽车的驾驶员座位生成可用于在驾驶时禁用文本消息的可识别的加速度计签名）。为这些和其他应用灵活部署连续传感的能力有可能改变这些市场，并创造全新的和不可预见的应用领域。