Multiple numeric competencies in judgments and decisions

数字通常用于有关健康和财富的重要决策（例如，抵押贷款、健康保险、信用卡债务、医疗选择）。政策制定者和其他人通常认为，如果你提供了适当的数字，人们就会理解并使用它们。然而，先前的研究表明，个体在理解和使用数字的程度以及在决策过程中对不同信息来源的依赖程度方面存在差异。客观计算能力（数字素养）较低的人与较高的人相比，在涉及数字时，理解较少，通常会做出较差的决定。这项研究在很大程度上忽略了另外两种数字能力：主观数字能力和近似数字感。在这个项目中，主要研究者将测试三种数字能力中的每一种如何与决策过程相关，以及增强其中两种能力（客观计算能力和主观计算能力）是否可以随后改善判断和选择。 这项研究将导致更好的干预措施，以改善有关健康和财富的决策。 在11项研究中，主要研究者将测试数字能力对判断和选择重要的10个决策过程的相关和/或因果影响。研究结果将增强我们对多个数字能力在判断和决策中的相关性和因果作用的理解。

Numbers are often used in important decisions about health and wealth (e.g., mortgages, health insurance, credit card debt, medical treatment options). Policy makers and others generally assume that if you provide the appropriate numbers, people will understand and use them. Previous research, however, has shown that individuals differ in how well they understand and use numbers and how much they rely on different sources of information in decision making. Individuals lower vs. higher in objective numeracy (numeric literacy) comprehend less and generally make poorer decisions when numbers are involved. This research has largely ignored two other numeric competencies: subjective numeracy and approximate number sense. In this project, the Principal Investigator will test how each of the three numeric competencies is related to decision processes and whether enhancing two of the competencies (objective numeracy and subjective numeracy) can subsequently improve judgments and choices. This research will lead to better interventions to improve decision making about health and wealth. In eleven studies, the Principal Investigator will test correlational and/or causal impacts of the numeric competencies on ten decision processes identified as important to judgments and choices. The results will enhance our understanding of the correlational and causal roles of multiple numeric competencies in judgments and decisions.