GENETIC STUDIES OF ROTAVIRUS PATHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF ROTAVIRUS VACCINES

轮状病毒发病机制的遗传学研究及轮状病毒疫苗的开发

• 批准号: 6160588
• 负责人: Y HOSHINO
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6160588
• 关键词: Rotavirus; gene expression; gene rearrangement; rotavirus vaccines; swine; vaccine development; virulence; virus antigen; virus cytopathogenic effect; virus genetics; virus infection mechanism; virus protein; virus replication

Rotaviruses are the major known etiologic agents of severe diarrhea in infants young children worldwide, and the need for the development of vaccines against rotavirus diseases has been widely acknowledged. The complete rotavirus particle contains three major structural components, enclosing the viral genome of eleven segments of double-stranded RNA. The goals of this project are two-fold: (i) to identify the viral genes that play a major role in virulence of rotaviruses by using a semi-homologous system of colostrum-deprived gnotobiotic newborn pigs and various reassortants of porcine rotavirus SB-1A strain (which causes diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets) and human rotavirus DS-1 strain (which does not induce productive infection or diarrhea in gnotobiotic piglets), and (ii) to apply such information to the formulation of a strategy for the development of safe and effective rotavirus vaccines that are of optimal efficacy. In addition, this approach may expand our understanding of the mechanisms controlling rotavirus tissue tropism and replication in the gastrointestinal tract.

轮状病毒是严重腹泻的主要已知病原体， 世界各地的婴幼儿，以及发展的需要， 针对轮状病毒疾病的疫苗已得到广泛认可。的 完整的轮状病毒颗粒含有三种主要的结构组分， 包含了十一段双链RNA的病毒基因组。 该项目的目标有两个方面：（i）确定病毒基因 在轮状病毒的毒力中起主要作用， 缺初乳的无菌仔猪半同源系统 以及猪轮状病毒SB-1A株（其引起 腹泻的无菌仔猪）和人轮状病毒DS-1株（ 不会引起产菌性感染或腹泻 仔猪），和（ii）将这些信息应用于制剂， 开发安全有效的轮状病毒疫苗的战略 具有最佳功效的药物。 此外，这种方法可能会扩大我们的 了解控制轮状病毒组织嗜性的机制， 在胃肠道中复制。