Molecular epidemiological research of maternal and child infection (mainly focused on blood and oral transmission)

我们一直在研究腹泻病毒、肝炎病毒和艾滋病毒的分子流行病学。我们首次建立了多重聚合酶链式反应和免疫层析检测腹泻病毒的技术。我们还设计了特异的引物，通过聚合酶链式反应来确定这些病毒的亚型。样本主要来自中国、泰国、越南和日本。关于轮状病毒，过去以1型为主，近年来突然下降。同时，2型、3型、4型和9型血清逐渐增多。这些发现清楚地表明，血清型发生了意外的变化，在不久的将来可能会发生更大规模的轮状病毒感染暴发。除了轮状病毒，腺病毒41也是病毒性腹泻的主要原因。有趣的是，在每个国家都发现了独特的腺病毒41亚型。在这些受试者中发现了广泛的诺沃克病毒感染，其中诺沃克病毒第二组的洛兹代尔株占优势。首次报道了泰国和越南诺如病毒感染的流行病学资料。乙肝是全世界的负担，特别是在发展中国家。我们研究了10个国家的乙肝病毒分子流行病学和遗传多样性。我们的结果强调，这些变异，特别是S前区域的缺失在肝硬化和肝癌的发生中起着重要的作用。很多问题。仍然在艾滋病毒/艾滋病中揭开面纱。我们成功地设计了新的引物，不仅可以检测HIV-1的B和E亚型，而且还可以检测A和C亚型。综上所述，我们的发现清楚地表明，分子流行病学数据对于构建疫苗以及建立病毒与人类、食物和气候等环境因素之间的可能联系是非常必要和有帮助的。基于这一观点，我们将继续进行我们未来的研究

We have been studying on molecular epidemiologies of diarrheal viruses, hepatitis viruses and HIV. We developed first the techniques of multiplex PCR and immunochromatography for detecting diarrheal viruses. We also designed specific primers to determine subtypes of those viruses by PCR. The samples were mainly collected from China, Thailand, Vietnam and Japan. Concerning to rotavirus, serotype 1 was the most predominant in the past, and then decreased suddenly in recent years. Meanwhile serotype 2, 3, 4 and 9 gradually increased. These findings clearly indicate that the serotypes have changed unexpectedly and the possibility of bigger outbreaks of rotavirus infection may occur in the near future. Besides rotavirus, adenovirus 41 was also highly responsible for viral diarrhea. Interestingly, unique subtype of adenovirus 41 was found in each country. Norovirus infections were identified in a wide range of these subjects in which Lordsdale strain of norovirus genogroup II prevailed. The epidemiological data of Norovirus infection in Thailand and Vietnam was firstly reported. Hepatitis B is the burden worldwide, especially in the developing countries. We studied the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus in 10 countries. Our results underscore that the variants especially a deletion of pre S region play an important role in causing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Many questions. are still unveiled in HIV/AIDS. We are successful in designed the new primers in order to detect not only subtypes B and E of HIV-1 but also A and C. Taken together, our findings clearly show that data of molecular epidemiology are very necessary and helpful to construct vaccine as well as to set up a possible relation among viruses and environmental factors such as human beings, foods and climates. Based on this point of view, we will conduct our future research continuously