An environmental psychological study of environmentally conscious behaviors in Japan and Germany

我们研究的目的是澄清环境意识行为的决定因素，并检查公民参与对日本和德国环境计划的社会接受度的影响。我们对2003年对名古屋和科隆市民进行的环保意识行为调查进行了分析。3R行为的结果显示，个人规范对两国的行为都有影响，而主观规范和羞耻感对日本的影响相对更强。生态内疚在德国更为相关。结果表明，日本人更容易受到外部规范的影响。我们还在日本和德国进行了焦点小组会议作为后续研究。名古屋和科隆的市民讨论了亲环境3R和交通行为的障碍。此外，我们还对日本、德国和瑞典的学生进行了交通行为社会化的调查。本次调查的结果将用于分析父母和社会的影响，这些因素没有包括在主要调查中。我们还对2003年在卡尔斯鲁厄和对马岛对市民进行的环境计划的社会接受度调查进行了分析。调查结果显示，两国公民对城市环境管理规划的评价不仅从规划的预期结果方面，而且从参与式方法的感知公平性方面。感知的程序公平包括信息披露和话语获取和代表参与者两个因素。

The purpose of our studies were to clarify the determinants of environmentally conscious behaviors and to examine the effect of citizen participation on social acceptance of environmental plan in Japan and Germany.We conducted analyses on the survey of environmentally conscious behaviors we conducted in 2003 with citizens in Nagoya and Cologne. The results on 3R behaviors revealed that personal norm affected behaviors in both countries while the effect of subjective norm and shame had relatively stronger effects in Japan. Ecological guilt was more relevant in Germany. The results indicated that Japanese are more likely to be affected by external norm. We also carried out focus group meeting in Japan and Germany as a follow-up study. Citizens in Nagoya and Cologne discussed the hindrances of pro-environmental 3R and transportation behaviors. Furthermore, we conducted a survey with students in Japan, Germany and Sweden on socialization of transportation behaviors. The results of this survey will be used to analyze the influence of parents and society which were not included in the main survey.We also conducted analyses on the survey of social acceptance of environmental plan we conducted 2003 with citizens in Karlsruhe and Tsushima. The results of this survey revealed the citizens in both countries evaluated their city plans of environmental management not only from the aspect of expected outcomes of the plan, but also from the aspect of perceived fairness of the participatory method. The perceived procedural fairness consisted of two factors as information disclosure & access to discourse, and representative participant.