Strenghtening Resilience in Volcanic Areas (STREVA)

STREVA将把来自大学、研究机构和火山天文台的研究人员聚集在一起，探索减少火山活动对社区的负面影响的方法。我们将与面临火山威胁的社区以及负责监测、准备和应对这些威胁的人合作。我们的主要合作伙伴是哥伦比亚、加勒比和厄瓜多尔的火山监测机构和观测站，并通过它们，整个区域的灾害管理人员和灾害研究人员，以及处于危险之中的社区的居民。我们将使用许多技术在项目和更广泛的社区之间建立联系，包括研讨会、运行情景练习和使用社交媒体报告我们的结果。我们的目标是通过跨不同学科的协作，制定和应用一个风险评估框架，以产生更好的计划，减少火山活动对人和资产的负面影响。火山风险是一个复杂的问题，我们将通过调查该地区的一些火山、处于危险中的社区、紧急情况和政策应对措施来了解这一问题。这些案例研究将帮助我们确定火山灾害风险方面的共同问题，并最终制定区域风险评估程序。这些对于减少火山灾害风险的长期规划至关重要。我们将工作的国家都是中等收入国家，面临着多重火山威胁，往往靠近大城镇。主要焦点将放在小安的列斯群岛、厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚的六个火山遗址上。我们将首先审查关于三个监测良好的活火山的二级文献，以分析已经做了哪些工作来了解和减少对周围人口的风险。通过在这些火山区进行深入的实证研究，我们将开始开发、测试和应用我们新的风险评估框架和方法。然后，我们将吸取这些经验教训，并将其应用于监测和了解程度较低的三个高风险火山。STREVA的工作将在以下方面产生改进：(I)预测喷发开始和喷发期间活动变化的方法；(Ii)预测不同火山灾害的风险地区(“足迹”)；(Iii)了解使人及其资产更容易受到火山威胁的因素；(Iv)了解体制制约和能力以及如何改进减少风险的激励措施。实际成果将是加强不同规模的利益攸关方(火山观测站的工作人员、地方和国家政府以及非政府组织)的能力，以便对高危火山进行风险评估，并利用这些评估改进对火山紧急情况的准备和反应，并通过长期规划在周围社区建立复原力。通过采用这一方法，STREVA将在真实的地方产生真正的影响，并将极大地推动火山风险分析和减少灾害风险领域。

STREVA will bring together researchers from universities, research institutes and volcano observatories, to explore methods for reducing the negative consequences of volcanic activity on communities. We will work both with the communities facing volcanic threats, and with those responsible for monitoring, preparing for and responding to those threats. Our main partners are volcano monitoring agencies and observatories in Colombia, the Caribbean and Ecuador, and through them, disaster managers and disaster researchers throughout the region, as well as residents of communities at risk. We will use a number of techniques to build links between the project and the wider community, including workshops, running scenario exercises, and using social media to report our results. Our aim, by working collaboratively across different disciplines, is to develop and apply a risk assessment framework that will generate better plans to reduce the negative consequences of volcanic activity on people and assets.Volcanic risk is a complex problem, which we shall understand by investigating a number of volcanoes, at-risk communities, emergencies and policy responses across the region. These case studies will help us to identify common issues in volcanic disaster risk and ultimately develop regional risk assessment processes. These will be crucial for long-term planning to reduce exposure to volcanic hazards. The countries in which we will work are all middle income and face multiple volcanic threats, often in close proximity to large towns and cities. The main focus will be on six volcanic sites across the Lesser Antilles, Ecuador and Colombia. We will begin the project by reviewing the secondary literature on three well monitored and active volcanoes, to analyse what has already been done to understand and reduce risk to the surrounding population. Through in-depth empirical research in these volcanic areas we shall begin to develop, test and apply our new risk assessment framework and methods for application. We will then take these lessons and apply them to three high-risk volcanoes where monitoring and understanding is less advanced. STREVA's work will generate improvements in:(i) methods for forecasting the start of eruptions and changes in activity during eruption; (ii) prediction of areas at-risk (the "footprint") from different volcanic hazards;(iii) understanding of the factors that make people and their assets more vulnerable to volcanic threats;(iv) understanding of institutional constraints and capacities and how to improve incentives for risk reductionBy the end of the project, our new knowledge will help us to measure volcanic risk more accurately and monitor how that risk is changing. The practical results will be a strengthening in the capacity of stakeholders at different scales (staff in volcano observatories, local and national governments and NGOs) to produce risk assessments for high-risk volcanoes and use them to improve preparedness and response to volcanic emergencies and build resilience in the surrounding communities through long-term planning. In adopting this approach, STREVA will have real impacts in real places, and will significantly advance the fields of volcanic risk analysis and disaster risk reduction.