HIV Vaccines

 描述(由申请人提供)：请求支持由David C.Montefiori和Mario Roeder组织的题为HIV疫苗的Keystone研讨会。会议将于2016年3月20日至24日在加利福尼亚州奥运谷举行。开发安全有效的艾滋病毒疫苗仍然是全球卫生领域的一个主要优先事项，也是一个需要解决的复杂问题。目前的努力强调有能力诱导系统和粘膜抗体反应，能够防止感染的获得。在非人类灵长类动物中进行的多次被动转移实验，以及在RV144泰国试验中对免疫相关性的适度疗效研究的证据，支持中和抗体和非中和抗体都有可能预防感染的观点。在理解广谱中和抗体的表位、结构和进化途径方面取得了重大进展，为疫苗设计开辟了新的途径。最近发现的一些中和抗体的非凡广度和效力引起了人们对潜在治疗应用的额外兴趣，包括治疗策略。对其他类型的抗病毒抗体及其效应器功能的了解也在稳步增加，这可能对疫苗很重要。本次会议旨在讨论一系列主题，包括：1)初始病毒 疫苗干预的传播事件，2)非中和抗体与灭菌免疫的相关性，3)广泛中和抗体的表位、结构和个体发育，4)用于广泛中和抗体诱导的新疫苗概念，以及5)免疫治疗。重点将放在关键领域最近未发表的发现上，这些领域最有希望迅速取得有效疫苗的进展。同时举行的艾滋病毒持久性：发病机制和根除会议将大大增加跨学科互动的机会，该会议将与本次会议分享主旨演讲和两次全体会议。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia meeting entitled HIV Vaccines, organized by David C. Montefiori and Mario Roederer. The meeting will be held in Olympic Valley, California from March 20-24, 2016. The development of a safe and effective HIV vaccine remains a major global health priority and a complex problem to solve. Current efforts emphasize an ability to elicit systemic and mucosal antibody responses capable of preventing the acquisition of infection. Evidence from multiple passive transfer experiments in nonhuman primates, as well as from studies of immunologic correlates of modest efficacy in the RV144 Thai trial, support the notion that both neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies have potential to prevent infection. Major advances have been made in understanding the epitopes, structures and evolutionary pathways of broadly neutralizing antibodies, leading to new avenues to pursue for vaccine design. The extraordinary breadth and potency of some recently discovered neutralizing antibodies has generated additional interest in potential therapeutic applications, including cure strategies. There has also been a steady increase in knowledge of other types of antiviral antibodies and their effector functions that may be important for vaccines. This meeting aims to cover a range of topics including: 1) Initial virus transmission events for vaccine intervention, 2) Non-neutralizing antibody correlates of sterilizing immunity; 3) Epitopes, structures and ontogeny of broadly neutralizing antibodies; 4) Novel vaccine concepts for broadly neutralizing antibody induction; and 5) Immunotherapy. Emphasis will be placed on recent unpublished findings in key areas that hold the greatest promise for rapid progress toward an effective vaccine. Opportunities for interdisciplinary interactions will be significantly enhanced by the concurrent meeting on HIV Persistence: Pathogenesis and Eradication, which will share Keynote addresses and two plenary sessions with this meeting.