-Dynamic relations which consist of subject matter, collaborative learning systemand problem solving act-

本研究旨在厘清体育教学中问题解决学习的过程。从本质上讲，解决问题的学习是一种人类的学习行为。它们是主观的、协作的活动。我们认为，在教与学的相互作用和学科建构的动态关系中，弄清解决问题的学习是如何产生的是很重要的。本文的研究结果如下：1)提出了体育教学中问题解决学习研究的新方法论思路。即从结构、功能和意义的角度对协同学习系统和问题解决行为进行多元分析。(2)指出在体育教学中发现问题与解决问题是一种综合实践。至于体育实践，技术、组织和社会解决问题是综合的。3)从问题情境出发，增加了对任务协作动态过程的理论检验，构建了理论模型。该理论模型提出了将问题情境中的语义信息转化为具体任务的过程，并对信息进行系统整合。这是一个螺旋发展的过程，有不同的阶段。4)通过对体育课堂的个案研究，可以看出教师的指导是建立在实践批判思维的基础上的。在从问题情境系统地创建任务的过程中，对主题的解释和与学习者的相互行为是很重要的。(5)从对教与学互动场景的微观分析结果可以看出，在课堂的教与学过程中，问题解决行为是反复循环形成的。这是由动态相互关系中的下一个事物组成的。(1)为教学目的而创造和构成的场景；(2)从具体的“吧”和情境中客观上需要什么；(3)从“吧”和情境中提取语义信息的主体性协同的教与学行为；(4)通过这种教与学的“少”行为重组的“吧”和情境

The purpose of this research is to make the process of problem solving learning in the physical education clear. Essentially, problem solving learning is a human learning act. They are subjective and collaborative activities. We think that it is important to clear how problem solving learning create in the dynamic relations of the mutual act in teaching-learning and the construction of the subject matter.The result of this research are as follows. 1) We suggested the idea of the new methodology for the research on problem solving learning in the physical education. That is multiple approach to the collaborative learning system and problem solving act from the view-pont of structure, function and meaning.2) We showed that problem searching and solving in the physical education were synthetic practice. As for the sport practice, technical, organizational and a social solution of problems are synthesized.3) A theoretical examination was added about the dynamic process that task was collab … More orativelly created from the problem situation, and then, a theoretical model was constructed. The theoretical model suggests the process that semantic information from the problem situation is changed into the specific task with integrating information systematically.That process is a spiral development with the various phases.4) From the case study of the class in physical education, it became clear that teacher's guidance based on critical mind of practice.Interpretation of subject matter and mutual act with the learner was important in the process that task Is created systematically from the problem situation.5) From the result of micro-analizatlon on the scene of mutual acts of teaching-learning, It became clear that a problem solving act was formed repeatedly and circulatively in the teaching-learning process of the class.That is composed by the next things in dynamic mutual relations. (1)The scene which is created and composed for the teaching purpose (2)What is required objectively from the concrete Ba" and situation (3)The subjctive and collaborative act of teaching-learning which picks out the semantic information from the "Ba" and the situation (4)The "Ba" and situaton which is recomposed by the such a act of teaching-learning" Less