Study on the pathogenesis of canine inflammatory bowel disease: investigation of the intestinal mucosal barrier function and intestinal mucosal cytokine expression.

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We examined the expression of tight junction and adherens junction protein in duodenal mucosa sample of dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The expression of TJ proteins (claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -7 and -8), and AJ proteins (E-cadherin and beta-catenin) were determined by means of immunoblotting. As a result, expression of E-cadherin protein was significantly lower in duodenal mucosa samples of dogs with IBD than it was in samples obtained from healthy control dogs. We speculated that T helper cells have important roles in change in expression of E-cadherin in duodenal mucosa of IBD dogs. Thus, we evaluated the gene expression of cytokines of T cell subsets (IL-17, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10) in duodenal mucosa from dogs with IBD. As a result, there was no significant difference in each cytokine mRNA transcription level between groups. Thus, there is no clear evidence for the involvement of distinct T helper cytokine in the pathogenesis of canine IBD.