IMMUNOPATHOLOGY IN THE EYES WITH EXPERIMENTAL UVEITIS

免疫活性细胞的身份和拓扑定位， 眼常驻细胞表面标志物的改变及其对眼内环境的影响 实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜视网膜炎动物的细胞因子， 内毒素诱导的葡萄膜炎（EAU，EIU）和人眼组织中， 通过免疫组织化学研究和原位分析各种疾病 杂交方法 T淋巴细胞是主要的浸润细胞， EAU，但巨噬细胞和多形核中性粒细胞（PMNs）都是 EIU中的主要浸润细胞。 炎性细胞迁移 细胞从血管进入靶部位是由粘附引导的 分子，其可以在血管内皮和其他细胞上表达， 眼睛里的常驻细胞 肥大细胞似乎参与了 EAU和EIU的免疫发病机制。 T淋巴细胞特异性是针对 与细胞表面结合的抗原小片段 组织相容性复合体（MHC）分子，其呈现在 特殊抗原呈递细胞的表面。 MHC的表达 II类抗原在眼驻留细胞如视网膜细胞上观察到， 色素上皮（RPE），视网膜内皮，角膜细胞，成纤维细胞， 和睫状上皮细胞。 浸润细胞 亚群和II类抗原的表达和粘附 眼驻留细胞上的分子可以通过各种方法改变， 免疫调节剂和细胞因子。 来自患有各种疾病的人眼组织的标本--如 葡萄膜炎、视网膜疾病、结膜和角膜疾病、代谢 遗传性疾病和肿瘤--用免疫组织化学和 原位杂交技术以及光和电子 微观评价 在葡萄膜炎中，免疫活性细胞和 淋巴因子对临床诊断有重要价值， 疾病进程和预后的决定因素。 在无色素膜的情况下， 细胞膜表面标志物和细胞内骨架的改变 眼内驻留细胞可能意味着这些细胞的损伤和异常， 疾病 阐明免疫病理学作用的关系 浸润性炎性或恶性细胞与其他常驻细胞之间 细胞在各种疾病的临床行为将增加我们的 了解人类眼部疾病。

The identity and topographic localization of immunocompetent cells and the alteration of surface markers on ocular resident cells and their cytokines in animals with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis or endotoxin-induced uveitis (EAU, EIU) and in human ocular tissues with various diseases were analyzed by immunohistochemical studies and in situ hybridization. T lymphocytes were the predominant infiltrating cells in EAU, yet both macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were the predominant infiltrating cells in EIU. Migration of the inflammatory cells from the vessels into the target site is directed by adhesion molecules, which can be expressed on vascular endothelium and other resident cells in the eye. Mast cells appear to participate in the immunopathogenesis of EAU and EIU. T-lymphocyte specificity is directed to small fragments of antigen bound to cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which are presented on the surface of specialized antigen-presenting cells. The expression of MHC class-II antigens was observed on ocular resident cells such as retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), retinal endothelium, keratocytes, fibroblasts, and ciliary epithelium in rodents. Both the infiltrating cell subpopulation and the expression of class-II antigens and adhesion molecules on ocular resident cells can be altered by various immunomodulating agents and cytokines. Specimens from human ocular tissues with various diseases--such as uveitis, retinal disease, conjunctival and corneal diseases, metabolic genetic diseases, and tumors--are studied using immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques as well as light and electron microscopic evaluation. In uveitis, immunocompetent cells and lymphokines are valuable adjuncts to clinical diagnosis, and they are determinants of disease course and prognosis. In nonuveitic conditions, alteration of cellular membrane surface markers and intracytoskeleton of the ocular resident cells may imply damage and abnormalities in these diseases. Elucidating the immunopathological role of the relationships between infiltrating inflammatory or malignant cells and other resident cells in the clinical behavior of various diseases will increase our understanding of human ocular disorders.