CYTOKINES AND OCULAR ANTIGENS IN THE EYE

细胞因子是白细胞和器官之间的通讯信号 常驻牢房。白介素1(IL-1)，产生的多效性细胞因子 由许多类型的细胞--最明显的是巨噬细胞--可以刺激一般的 通过引起多种细胞的激活而引起的炎症反应 然后，在它们的其他功能中，它释放了一系列其他 细胞因子。其中一种细胞因子是白介素8(IL-8)，它可以 更直接的作用是激活中性粒细胞和T淋巴细胞。 CD4细胞可分为辅助性T细胞1和辅助T细胞2(Th-1和Th-2) 根据它们释放的细胞因子。TH-1细胞产生IL-2， 干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子，而 TH-2细胞产生IL-4、IL-5、IL-6和IL-10。TH-1细胞是 参与细胞介导的免疫反应，而Th-2细胞 参与过敏和细胞外寄生虫感染。细胞因子， 淋巴因子和黏附分子也位于眼内。 葡萄膜炎患者和动物的炎症部位 实验性葡萄膜炎。 眼部抗原在自身免疫性疾病中起着重要作用。 S抗原(S抗原)是一种视网膜可溶性抗原，可诱导实验性 自身免疫性葡萄膜视网膜炎(EAU)S抗原基因表达的初步研究 胎儿中的非视网膜组织可能提示它参与了某些 眼科疾病。在虹膜组织中发现S抗原的表达。 部分患者糖皮质激素延长后葡萄膜炎 心理治疗。这一发现得到了长期给予EAU大鼠治疗的证实。 长期类固醇。

Cytokines are communication signals between leukocytes and organ resident cells. Interleukin 1 (IL-1), a pleiotropic cytokine produced by many cell types~most notably macrophages, can stimulate a general inflammatory reaction by causing the activation of a variety of cells which then, among their other functions, release a cascade of other cytokines. One of these cytokines is interleukin 8 (IL-8), which takes the more direct action of activating neutrophils and T lymphocytes. CD4 cells can be subtyped to T helper 1 and 2 (Th-1 and Th-2) cells on the basis of the cytokines they release. Th-1 cells produce IL-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), while Th-2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. Th-1 cells are involved in the cell-mediated immune response, while Th-2 cells are involved in allergy and extracellular parasitic infection. Cytokines, lymphokines, and adhesion molecules also are located in ocular inflammatory sites of patients with uveitis and animals with experimental uveitis. Ocular antigens play an important role in autoimmune diseases. S-antigen (S-Ag), a retinal soluble antigen, can induce experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). The expression of S-Ag mRNA of nonretinal tissues in fetuses may suggest its involvement in certain ocular diseases. The expression of S-Ag mRNA was found in the iris of some patients with uveitis after prolongation of corticosteroid therapy. This finding was confirmed by treating EAU rats with long- term steroids.